Cohort

Cohort refers to a group of individuals who share a common characteristic or experience within a defined period. The term is widely used in various fields such as epidemiology, sociology, education, and demography.

Etymology

The word "cohort" originates from the Latin term "cohors," which referred to a unit of the Roman army.

Applications

Epidemiology

In epidemiology, a cohort is a group of people who are followed over a period to determine how certain exposures affect the incidence of specific outcomes. This type of study is known as a cohort study. Cohort studies can be prospective or retrospective.

Sociology

In sociology, a cohort is often used to describe a group of people who experience a particular event, such as birth, within the same time period. This is known as a birth cohort. Sociologists study cohorts to understand how historical and social changes affect different generations.

Education

In the field of education, a cohort refers to a group of students who progress through an educational program together. This approach is often used in cohort-based learning models.

Demography

In demography, cohorts are used to analyze population dynamics. A common example is the age cohort, which groups individuals based on their age.

Types of Cohort Studies

• Prospective cohort study
• Retrospective cohort study
• Birth cohort
• Age cohort

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

• Ability to study multiple outcomes
• Can establish a sequence of events
• Useful for studying rare exposures

Disadvantages

• Time-consuming and expensive
• Potential for loss to follow-up
• Not suitable for studying rare outcomes

Related Pages

• Epidemiology
• Sociology
• Education
• Demography
• Cohort study
• Prospective cohort study
• Retrospective cohort study
• Birth cohort
• Age cohort

See Also

• Longitudinal study
• Cross-sectional study
• Case-control study

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