Chalazion

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== Chalazion ==

A chalazion is a cyst in the eyelid that is caused by inflammation of a blocked meibomian gland, usually on the upper eyelid. Unlike a stye, chalazia are usually painless and tend to be larger. They can, however, cause significant discomfort and visual disturbance if they grow large enough to press against the eyeball.

Signs and Symptoms

A chalazion typically presents as a localized, painless swelling on the eyelid. Over time, it may become red and tender if it becomes infected. Other symptoms can include:

• A hard lump on the eyelid
• Blurred vision if the chalazion is large enough to press against the cornea
• Sensitivity to light
• Increased tearing

Causes

Chalazia are caused by the blockage of the meibomian glands, which are responsible for secreting oil that lubricates the surface of the eye. Factors that can contribute to the development of a chalazion include:

• Chronic blepharitis
• Rosacea
• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Tuberculosis
• Viral infections

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a chalazion is typically made through a physical examination by a healthcare provider, often an ophthalmologist or optometrist. The examination will focus on the eyelid and the characteristics of the lump.

Treatment

Most chalazia resolve on their own without the need for medical intervention. However, treatments can include:

• Warm compresses applied to the affected eyelid to help unblock the gland
• Gentle massage of the eyelid
• Over-the-counter pain relief if there is discomfort
• Prescription antibiotic or steroid eye drops or ointments
• Surgical drainage if the chalazion does not resolve with conservative treatment

Prevention

Preventive measures for chalazia include maintaining good eyelid hygiene, such as:

• Regularly cleaning the eyelids with a mild soap or baby shampoo
• Avoiding touching the eyes with dirty hands
• Managing underlying conditions like blepharitis or rosacea

Complications

While most chalazia are harmless, potential complications can include:

• Recurrence of the chalazion
• Infection leading to a stye
• Cosmetic concerns due to the appearance of the lump
• Visual disturbances if the chalazion is large enough to press against the cornea

See Also

• Stye
• Blepharitis
• Meibomian gland
• Rosacea
• Ophthalmology

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