4-Methylpentedrone

4-Methylpentedrone

4-Methylpentedrone (4-MPD) is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is a higher homologue of 4-Methylmethcathinone (4-MMC, mephedrone), differing by the addition of a carbon chain to the alkyl group. The chemical formula for 4-Methylpentedrone is C₁₄H₂₁NO. Its effects are reported to be somewhat similar to those of mephedrone and other drugs in the cathinone class, providing users with stimulation, increased energy, elevated mood, and feelings of empathy.

Chemistry

4-Methylpentedrone belongs to the cathinone class, which are derivatives of the naturally occurring khat plant. Structurally, it is related to amphetamine, differing primarily by the presence of a β-keto group on the side chain. The addition of a methyl group at the 4 position of the phenyl ring makes it a methylated analog of pentedrone, and it is also a higher homologue of mephedrone, featuring an additional carbon on the alkyl chain.

Pharmacology

The pharmacological action of 4-Methylpentedrone is primarily due to its action as a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, with much weaker effects at the serotonin transporter. This action leads to increased concentrations of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, producing stimulating and euphoric effects. However, detailed studies on its pharmacology and toxicity in humans are lacking, making its safety profile largely unknown.

Legal Status

The legal status of 4-Methylpentedrone varies by country, but it has been listed as a controlled substance in several jurisdictions due to concerns over its potential for abuse and harm. In many places, it is controlled under analog acts or specific legislation targeting synthetic cathinones.

Health Risks

As with other synthetic cathinones, the use of 4-Methylpentedrone can pose significant health risks. These can include psychosis, agitation, tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), hypertension (high blood pressure), and in severe cases, death. The lack of research on its long-term effects means that other potential health risks may be unknown.

See Also

• Cathinone
• Mephedrone
• Designer drug
• Stimulant