Allegheny Plateau

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The Allegheny Plateau is a large dissected plateau area in the United States that extends from central New York southwestward through Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio to the northern part of Kentucky. It is part of the larger Appalachian Plateau and is characterized by its rugged terrain, deep valleys, and significant elevation changes.

Geography

The Allegheny Plateau is divided into several distinct regions, each with its own unique geological and topographical features. These regions include the Catskill Mountains in New York, the Pocono Mountains in Pennsylvania, and the Allegheny Mountains in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. The plateau is bounded to the east by the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians and to the west by the Interior Low Plateaus.

Geology

The Allegheny Plateau is primarily composed of sedimentary rocks, including sandstone, shale, and limestone, which were deposited during the Paleozoic Era. The region has been heavily eroded over millions of years, resulting in its current rugged landscape. The plateau is also rich in natural resources, including coal, natural gas, and petroleum.

Climate

The climate of the Allegheny Plateau varies with elevation and latitude. Generally, the region experiences a humid continental climate, with cold winters and warm summers. Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, with some areas receiving significant snowfall during the winter months.

Flora and Fauna

The Allegheny Plateau is home to a diverse range of plant and animal species. The region's forests are primarily composed of deciduous trees, such as oak, maple, and hickory, as well as coniferous trees like pine and hemlock. Wildlife in the area includes white-tailed deer, black bear, wild turkey, and various species of songbirds and raptors.

Human History

The Allegheny Plateau has been inhabited by humans for thousands of years. Native American tribes, such as the Iroquois and the Shawnee, originally lived in the region. European settlers began to arrive in the 18th century, and the area became an important center for logging, mining, and agriculture. Today, the plateau is home to numerous small towns and cities, as well as several state and national parks.

Economy

The economy of the Allegheny Plateau has traditionally been based on its natural resources. Coal mining has been a significant industry in the region, particularly in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In recent years, the extraction of natural gas from the Marcellus Shale has become increasingly important. The region also supports agriculture, forestry, and tourism.

Related Pages

• Appalachian Plateau
• Catskill Mountains
• Pocono Mountains
• Allegheny Mountains
• Marcellus Shale
• Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians
• Interior Low Plateaus