Arachnoidal cell

Arachnoidal Cells are a type of neuroglia found in the central nervous system (CNS). They are part of the meninges, specifically the middle layer known as the arachnoid mater.

Structure

Arachnoidal cells are cuboidal or columnar in shape and are connected by tight junctions, forming an impermeable barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space and the dura mater. They are characterized by the presence of microvilli on their surface, which face the subarachnoid space.

Function

The primary function of arachnoidal cells is to maintain the subarachnoid space and regulate the flow of CSF. They also play a role in the formation and resorption of CSF. In addition, arachnoidal cells are involved in the immune response of the CNS, as they can present antigens to T cells.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in arachnoidal cells can lead to various medical conditions. For example, arachnoid cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater, often as a result of abnormal proliferation of arachnoidal cells. These cysts can cause symptoms such as headaches, seizures, and neurological deficits, depending on their size and location.

Arachnoidal cells are also implicated in the pathogenesis of meningitis, an inflammation of the meninges. In bacterial meningitis, bacteria can adhere to and invade arachnoidal cells, leading to inflammation and damage to the CNS.

See Also

• Neuroglia
• Meninges
• Arachnoid Mater
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Arachnoid Cysts
• Meningitis