Besifloxacin

Besifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic specifically designed for use as a topical ophthalmic agent. It is used for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, which is an inflammation or infection of the outer membrane of the eyeball and the inner eyelid. Besifloxacin is marketed under the trade name Besivance.

Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]

Besifloxacin works by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, two types of enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This action prevents the bacteria from reproducing and eventually leads to their death.

Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]

After topical ocular administration, Besifloxacin is absorbed into the systemic circulation. The systemic exposure to Besifloxacin is low, and it is extensively metabolized in the liver.

Side Effects[edit | edit source]

Common side effects of Besifloxacin include red eyes, blurred vision, eye pain, and a feeling of something in the eye. Serious side effects may include allergic reactions, severe eye irritation, and eye surface inflammation.

Resistance[edit | edit source]

Resistance to Besifloxacin can occur through mutations in the target enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, or through the acquisition of resistance genes.

Precautions[edit | edit source]

Besifloxacin is not recommended for use in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Besifloxacin or any other fluoroquinolones. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of corneal ulceration.

Interactions[edit | edit source]

No specific drug interaction studies have been conducted with Besifloxacin. However, it is known that systemic fluoroquinolones, including Besifloxacin, may interact with drugs that inhibit or induce cytochrome P450 enzymes.