Borago

Borago is a genus of five species of herbaceous plants known commonly as borage. They are native to the Mediterranean region, with one species, Borago officinalis, widely cultivated and naturalized in other regions.

Description[edit | edit source]

Borago species are annual or perennial herbs with bristly hairs covering the stems and leaves. The leaves are alternate, simple, and ovate to lanceolate in shape. The flowers are star-shaped, typically blue, although pink and white forms are also known. The flowers have five narrow, triangular-pointed petals and are arranged in loose, drooping clusters.

Species[edit | edit source]

The genus Borago includes the following species:

Cultivation and Uses[edit | edit source]

Borago officinalis is the most well-known species and is commonly grown in gardens for its attractive flowers and edible leaves. The leaves have a cucumber-like flavor and are used in salads, soups, and as a garnish. The flowers are also edible and are often used to decorate desserts and beverages.

Borage is also grown for its seed oil, which is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid. The oil is used in herbal medicine and cosmetics.

Medicinal Properties[edit | edit source]

Borage has been traditionally used in herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and sedative properties. The leaves and flowers contain mucilage, tannins, and essential oils, which contribute to its medicinal effects. However, it is important to note that borage also contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which can be toxic to the liver if consumed in large quantities.

Ecology[edit | edit source]

Borage is a valuable plant for pollinators, particularly bees, due to its high nectar production. It is often grown in pollinator gardens to attract and support bee populations.