Buda

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Buda is one of the two historical cities on the banks of the Danube River that comprise Budapest, the capital of Hungary. The city is located on the western side of the Danube and is historically the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary. Buda, along with Pest, located on the opposite bank, were merged in 1873 to form the new metropolis of Budapest. Buda is known for its luxurious residential areas, historical sites, and cultural heritage, including the Buda Castle, a significant landmark and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History

The history of Buda dates back to the Roman Empire, where it was known as Aquincum and served as a military base and civilian town. Following the fall of the Roman Empire, it became part of the territory of various migrating peoples, including the Huns, Ostrogoths, and Lombards, before being settled by the Magyars in the late 9th century. The first Hungarian king, Stephen I, established a royal residence in Buda in the early 11th century. The city flourished during the Renaissance period under the reign of Matthias Corvinus, who established one of the first art academies in Europe.

In the 16th century, Buda was captured by the Ottoman Empire and remained under Ottoman rule for over 150 years. The city was retaken by the Habsburgs in the late 17th century and underwent significant reconstruction, blending Western and Eastern architectural styles. The 19th century saw the unification of Buda with Pest and Óbuda, leading to the creation of Budapest.

Geography

Buda is characterized by its hilly terrain, in contrast to the flat Pest. The most notable hills include Gellért Hill, offering panoramic views of the entire city, and Castle Hill, home to the historic Buda Castle. The area is also known for its thermal springs, which have been used for their therapeutic properties since Roman times.

Culture and Landmarks

Buda is rich in cultural heritage, with landmarks such as the Buda Castle, the Fisherman's Bastion, and the Matthias Church. The Castle District is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts millions of tourists each year. The district is also home to several museums, including the Hungarian National Gallery and the Budapest History Museum.

Economy

The economy of Buda is diverse, with a significant contribution from tourism due to its historical sites and cultural attractions. The area also hosts various international embassies and institutions, adding to its economic significance.

Transport

Buda is well-connected by public transport, including buses, trams, and the Budapest Metro, facilitating easy access to Pest and other parts of the city. The Chain Bridge and the Liberty Bridge are among the several bridges that connect Buda with Pest across the Danube.

See Also

• History of Budapest
• Geography of Hungary
• Culture of Hungary

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