Cumberland sauce

Cumberland Sauce is a fruit-based sauce traditionally served with cold meats, including game and poultry. It is named after the historic county of Cumberland, now part of Cumbria in the northwest of England. The sauce is known for its piquant flavor profile, combining the sweetness of red currant jelly with the tartness of orange and lemon zest, and the warmth of mustard and port wine or red wine. It is a classic example of British culinary arts and has been a staple accompaniment to cold meats on the British table since at least the 19th century.

Ingredients and Preparation

The primary ingredients of Cumberland Sauce include:

• Red currant jelly, which forms the base of the sauce and provides its characteristic sweetness.
• Orange and lemon zest, adding a citrusy brightness that cuts through the richness of the meats.
• Port wine or red wine, which is often reduced to concentrate its flavor.
• Mustard (usually powdered or ground), contributing a spicy warmth to the sauce.
• Seasonings such as ginger and sometimes cayenne pepper, enhancing the sauce's complexity.

To prepare Cumberland Sauce, the red currant jelly is gently melted in a saucepan, often with a small amount of water or wine to thin it slightly. The citrus zests, mustard, and spices are then added, followed by the port or red wine. The mixture is heated just until warm and well combined, ensuring the flavors meld together without boiling, to preserve the fresh zest flavors. The sauce is typically served at room temperature or slightly chilled.

Serving and Pairings

Cumberland Sauce is most commonly served with cold meats, such as ham, turkey, and especially game meats like venison. Its vibrant flavor profile makes it an excellent counterpoint to the richness of these meats. It is also occasionally served with pâtés and terrines.

Historical Context

The exact origins of Cumberland Sauce are unclear, but it is believed to have been named after the Duke of Cumberland who lived in the 18th century. Over time, it has become a symbol of traditional English cuisine, particularly associated with festive occasions and holiday meals.

Variations

While the basic ingredients of Cumberland Sauce remain consistent, there are variations in its preparation. Some recipes call for the addition of shallots or onions for additional depth of flavor. Others might include different types of wine or additional spices according to personal taste or regional preferences.

Cultural Significance

Cumberland Sauce has maintained its popularity in British cuisine as a link to the country's culinary history. It represents a balance of flavors that can enhance a wide range of dishes, embodying the tradition of serving cold meats with flavorful condiments.