Decreased bone density
Decreased Bone Density
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia, is a condition characterized by a lower than normal bone density. This condition can lead to osteoporosis, a disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to break.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Decreased bone density can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Aging: As people age, their bones naturally lose density.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes, particularly in women after menopause, can lead to decreased bone density.
- Lack of physical activity: Regular physical activity, particularly weight-bearing exercises, can help maintain bone density.
- Poor nutrition: A diet low in calcium and vitamin D can contribute to decreased bone density.
- Certain medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can lead to decreased bone density.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Decreased bone density often has no symptoms until a bone breaks. However, some people may experience back pain, loss of height, or a stooped posture.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Decreased bone density is typically diagnosed through a bone density test, also known as a DEXA scan. This test uses X-rays to measure the amount of calcium and other minerals in a segment of bone.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for decreased bone density may include:
- Medications: Several types of medications can help slow bone loss and increase bone density.
- Diet and exercise: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, along with regular weight-bearing exercise, can help maintain bone density.
- Hormone therapy: In some cases, hormone therapy may be recommended to help maintain bone density.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Prevention strategies for decreased bone density include:
- Regular weight-bearing exercise
- A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
- Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol
- Regular bone density tests for those at risk
See also[edit | edit source]
Decreased bone density Resources | ||
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD