Dianthus barbatus

Dianthus barbatus (also known as Sweet William) is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to southern Europe and parts of Asia. It has become a popular ornamental garden plant and is widely cultivated worldwide.

Description[edit | edit source]

Dianthus barbatus is a biennial or short-lived perennial plant, growing to 13–92 cm tall. The leaves are green to greyish green, slender, up to 15 cm long. The flowers are produced in a dense cluster of up to 30 at the top of the stems and have a spicy, clove-like scent; each flower is 2–3 cm diameter with five petals with serrated edges; in wild plants the petals are red with a white base.

Cultivation[edit | edit source]

Dianthus barbatus is popular in horticulture, and many cultivars have been developed with a range of colours from white, pink, red, and purple to variegated patterns. It is hardy to USDA Zones 3–9, and prefers sun to partial shade. It is often grown as a biennial, sown one year to flower the next, and is ideal for creating a bold splash of colour in the garden.

Uses[edit | edit source]

In addition to its popularity as an ornamental plant, Dianthus barbatus has been used in traditional medicine. The plant has been used as a herbal remedy for ailments such as digestive disorders and skin conditions.

Cultural Significance[edit | edit source]

The common name "Sweet William" is often said to be after William Shakespeare, but the origins of the name are not definitively known. The plant is a symbol of gallantry and is often used in floral arrangements and as a cut flower.