Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4 (ENTPD4), also known as NTPDase4, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ENTPD4 gene. This enzyme belongs to the family of ectonucleotidases, which are responsible for the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides.

Function

ENTPD4 is an integral membrane protein that is responsible for the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides. It catalyzes the conversion of ATP and ADP to AMP, and of GTP and GDP to GMP. This process is important for the regulation of extracellular nucleotide levels and can influence physiological processes such as purinergic signaling, immune response, and thrombosis.

Structure

The ENTPD4 protein is a type II transmembrane protein, meaning it has a short N-terminal cytoplasmic tail, a single transmembrane domain, and a large extracellular domain. The extracellular domain contains five highly conserved regions, which are thought to be involved in nucleotide binding and hydrolysis.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the expression or activity of ENTPD4 have been associated with various diseases, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and neurological disorders. For example, increased expression of ENTPD4 has been observed in certain types of cancer, suggesting it may play a role in tumor progression.

See also

• Ectonucleotidase
• Purinergic signaling
• Nucleotide

External links

• ENTPD4 at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

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