Health disparity

Health Department

The Health Department is a part of the government that focuses on issues related to the general health of the citizenry. Subnational entities, such as states, counties and cities, often also have their own health departments.

History

The first organized attempts to establish a health department in the United States occurred in the late 19th century, largely as a response to the spread of cholera and yellow fever. The New York City Department of Health was established in 1866. Other cities and states followed suit, establishing their own health departments to address public health issues.

Functions

The primary function of a health department include disease prevention, promotion of health, and the enforcement of health related laws and regulations. It also includes access to and the provision of health care services. Other functions include research, emergency preparedness and response, and the regulation of health and safety standards.

Structure

A health department generally consists of a few standard components. The Health Officer is the leader of the department and is responsible for the health of the community. Other staff typically includes deputy health officers, public health nurses, inspectors, epidemiologists, and support staff.

Public Health

The health department plays a critical role in protecting and improving public health. It is responsible for implementing and enforcing local, state, and federal public health laws and regulations. This includes monitoring of communicable diseases, coordinating responses to health emergencies, and providing a range of public health services.

See Also

• Public Health
• Health Officer
• Epidemiology
• Health Care Services