Immunodeficiency syndrome

Immunodeficiency syndrome refers to a collection of immune system disorders that result in a decreased or compromised immune response. This can lead to an increased susceptibility to infections and diseases that a healthy immune system would typically be able to fight off. Immunodeficiency syndromes can be either primary, meaning they are present from birth, or secondary, meaning they are acquired later in life.

Primary Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Primary immunodeficiency syndromes are typically caused by genetic mutations and are present from birth. They are rare, with only around 1 in 10,000 people being affected. There are over 300 known types of primary immunodeficiency syndromes, including Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID), Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA).

Secondary Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Secondary immunodeficiency syndromes are far more common and can be caused by a variety of factors, including malnutrition, certain medications, and diseases such as HIV/AIDS. The most well-known secondary immunodeficiency syndrome is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Symptoms of immunodeficiency syndromes can vary widely depending on the specific disorder and the individual. However, common symptoms can include frequent infections, slow recovery from infections, and an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to assess the function of the immune system, and genetic testing may be used in the case of suspected primary immunodeficiency syndromes.

Treatment

Treatment for immunodeficiency syndromes also varies depending on the specific disorder and the individual. It can include antibiotics to treat infections, immunoglobulin therapy to boost the immune system, and in some cases, stem cell transplantation may be considered.

See Also

• Immune system
• Infection
• HIV/AIDS
• Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
• Common Variable Immunodeficiency
• X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Immunodeficiency syndrome Resources
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