Lacis cells

Lacis cells or Kupffer cells are specialized stellate cells found in the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney. They are located in the afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole, and are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of renin secretion and blood pressure control.

Function

Lacis cells are primarily involved in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. They achieve this by controlling the secretion of renin, an enzyme that plays a key role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). When blood pressure drops, lacis cells stimulate the release of renin, which in turn triggers a cascade of events leading to the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone, two hormones that help raise blood pressure and restore fluid balance.

Structure

Lacis cells are characterized by their stellate or star-shaped structure. They are located between the glomerulus and the afferent and efferent arterioles in the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus. They are in close proximity to juxtaglomerular cells, which are also involved in the regulation of renin secretion.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the function or number of lacis cells can lead to disorders of blood pressure regulation, such as hypertension or hypotension. In addition, because of their role in the RAAS, they may also be implicated in conditions related to fluid balance, such as edema or dehydration.

See also

• Renal physiology
• Juxtaglomerular apparatus
• Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system