Lateral cornu

Lateral Cornu

The lateral cornu, also known as the lateral horn, is a structure found in the brain. It is a part of the ventricular system, which is responsible for the production, circulation, and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The lateral cornu is specifically located in the lateral ventricles of the brain.

Anatomy

The lateral cornu is a curved structure that extends from the body of the lateral ventricle. It is shaped like a horn, hence its alternative name, lateral horn. The lateral cornu is present on both sides of the brain, with one cornu in each hemisphere.

The lateral cornu is lined by ependymal cells, which are specialized cells that produce and maintain CSF. These cells have cilia on their surface, which help in the movement of CSF within the ventricular system.

Function

The lateral cornu plays a crucial role in the circulation of CSF. CSF is produced by the choroid plexus, a network of blood vessels located within the ventricles. It flows from the lateral ventricles into the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen, also known as the foramen of Monro.

The lateral cornu acts as a pathway for the CSF to flow from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle. From the third ventricle, CSF continues its circulation through the cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, and eventually into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Clinical Significance

The lateral cornu can be affected by various pathological conditions. One such condition is hydrocephalus, which is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of CSF within the ventricles. This can lead to an enlargement of the lateral cornu, causing compression of surrounding brain structures and resulting in neurological symptoms.

In addition, tumors or other lesions in the brain can also affect the lateral cornu. These can obstruct the flow of CSF, leading to a condition known as obstructive hydrocephalus.