Pediomelum hypogaeum

Pediomelum hypogea2

Pediomelum hypogaeum is a species of flowering plant in the Fabaceae family, commonly known as the subterranean Indian breadroot or ground plum. This plant is native to the United States, where it is found primarily in the prairie regions of the Midwest. It is a member of the legume family, which includes a wide variety of plants that are important for their ecological roles and economic importance.

Description

Pediomelum hypogaeum is a perennial herb that typically grows to a height of 20-60 cm. It has compound leaves, divided into five to nine leaflets, each leaflet being oval to lance-shaped. The plant produces small, blue to purple flowers, which are followed by underground pods. These pods are an adaptation to the prairie habitat, helping the plant to survive fires and grazing by animals. The roots of the plant are tuberous and have been used historically by Native American tribes as a food source.

Habitat and Distribution

The natural habitat of Pediomelum hypogaeum includes prairies, open woods, and grasslands. It prefers well-drained soils and can often be found in areas with limestone bedrock. The species is adapted to regions with a temperate climate and is most commonly found in the central United States, including states such as Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri, and Oklahoma.

Conservation Status

While Pediomelum hypogaeum is not currently listed as endangered or threatened at a national level, its habitat is under threat from agricultural expansion, urbanization, and the suppression of natural fires. These factors have led to a decline in the population of this species in some areas. Conservation efforts are focused on preserving natural prairie habitats and promoting the use of controlled burns to maintain the ecological balance of these areas.

Uses

Historically, Pediomelum hypogaeum has been used by Native American tribes for food. The tuberous roots were collected and consumed either raw or cooked. The plant was valued for its nutritional content, particularly as a source of starch. Today, it is of interest for restoration projects in prairie habitats and is sometimes used in native plant gardens for its attractive flowers and as a food source for pollinators.

See Also

• Fabaceae
• Prairie restoration
• Native American cuisine