Puerperal sepsis

Puerperal sepsis is a severe bacterial infection of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage. It is also known as childbed fever and was a leading cause of maternal mortality in the past.

Causes

Puerperal sepsis is caused by bacterial infection, most commonly by group A streptococcus and Escherichia coli. The infection originates from the endometrium and spreads to the myometrium and parametrial tissues. The risk of infection is increased by prolonged labor, multiple vaginal examinations, and the use of invasive procedures such as forceps delivery and cesarean section.

Symptoms

The symptoms of puerperal sepsis include fever, lower abdominal pain, and foul-smelling lochia. Other symptoms may include chills, rapid heart rate, and malaise.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of puerperal sepsis is based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by laboratory tests. Blood tests may show an increased white blood cell count and elevated C-reactive protein levels. Cultures of blood, urine, and lochia may be taken to identify the causative organism.

Treatment

The treatment of puerperal sepsis includes antibiotics to control the infection and supportive care to manage symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove infected tissue.

Prevention

Prevention of puerperal sepsis includes good hygiene practices during childbirth and the postpartum period, the use of sterile techniques during invasive procedures, and prophylactic antibiotics for high-risk deliveries.

See also

• Childbirth
• Postpartum period
• Sepsis
• Endometritis

Puerperal sepsis Resources
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