Pyloric gland

Pyloric Gland

The Pyloric gland is a type of exocrine gland found in the antrum of the stomach. It is named after the pylorus, the part of the stomach that leads to the duodenum. The primary function of the pyloric gland is to secrete mucus, which protects the stomach lining from the corrosive effects of gastric acid.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The pyloric gland is composed of glandular epithelium, a type of tissue that lines the stomach. This tissue is made up of columnar cells, which are tall and thin, and are responsible for the secretion of mucus. The glands themselves are tubular in shape, and are arranged in a complex network throughout the antrum.

Function[edit | edit source]

The main function of the pyloric gland is to produce mucus. This mucus serves several important roles in the stomach. It acts as a barrier to protect the stomach lining from the corrosive effects of gastric acid, which is necessary for the digestion of food. The mucus also helps to lubricate the passage of food through the stomach, aiding in the process of digestion.

In addition to mucus, the pyloric gland also secretes bicarbonate ions, which help to neutralize the acidity of the stomach contents. This is important in preventing gastric ulcers, which can occur when the stomach acid damages the lining of the stomach.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Abnormalities in the function or structure of the pyloric gland can lead to a number of gastrointestinal disorders. For example, hyperplasia of the pyloric gland, in which the gland grows excessively, can lead to gastritis, inflammation of the stomach lining. Conversely, atrophy of the pyloric gland, in which the gland shrinks or wastes away, can result in a decrease in mucus production, leading to an increased risk of gastric ulcers.

Pyloric gland adenoma is a rare type of tumor that originates in the pyloric gland. These tumors are usually benign, but can sometimes become malignant and lead to stomach cancer.