Renault

Usines Renault 1932

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Louis Renault with his first car

Renault S.A. is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past, has manufactured trucks, tractors, tanks, buses/coaches, and autorail vehicles. According to the Globalization of the automotive industry, Renault is known for its role in motor sport, particularly rallying, Formula 1, and Formula E. Its early work on mathematical curve modeling for car bodies is important in the history of computer graphics.

History[edit | edit source]

The company was founded by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand in 1898 as Société Renault Frères. Louis was a brilliant engineer and designer who had already designed and built several prototypes before teaming up with his brothers, who had honed their business skills working for their father's textile firm. They combined their skills to found the company in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. The Renault brothers recognized the potential of the automobile market and began to produce their own vehicles. The first car, the Renault Voiturette 1CV, was sold to a friend of Louis' after giving him a test ride on December 24, 1898.

Throughout World War I, Renault became a major supplier of war vehicles for France, producing trucks, stretchers, ambulances, and even the revolutionary Renault FT tank. Post-war, the company focused on the civilian market, expanding its product line and exporting vehicles worldwide. During World War II, the Renault factories were taken over by the Nazis, and Louis Renault was accused of collaborating with the Germans. He died in prison before he could stand trial.

After the war, the French government nationalized the company, and it was renamed Régie Nationale des Usines Renault. Under government control, Renault experienced significant growth and expansion, venturing into international markets and developing new models, including the successful Renault 4, Renault 5, and Renault Clio.

Modern Era[edit | edit source]

In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Renault pursued a strategy of alliances and acquisitions to expand its global presence. A significant milestone was the formation of the Renault-Nissan Alliance in 1999, a strategic partnership with Japan's Nissan, which later included Mitsubishi Motors to become the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance, one of the world's leading automotive groups.

Renault has also focused on innovation in electric vehicles, being one of the pioneers in the market with models like the Renault Zoe and Renault Twizy. The company has committed to an eco-friendly approach, aiming to reduce its carbon footprint and promote sustainable mobility solutions.

Models[edit | edit source]

Renault's product range includes several iconic models:

Renault Clio: A supermini car that has been one of Europe's best-selling cars since its launch in 1990.
Renault Megane: A small family car available in multiple body styles, including a sedan, coupe, convertible, and estate.
Renault Zoe: An electric car introduced in 2012, known for its affordability and practicality in urban environments.
Renault Twizy: A two-seat electric microcar designed for city driving, notable for its unique design and compact size.

Motorsport[edit | edit source]

Renault has a rich history in motorsport, particularly in Formula 1, where it has participated both as a constructor and as an engine supplier. Renault's engines have powered multiple teams to World Championship victories. The company has also been involved in rallying and endurance racing, showcasing its engineering prowess and commitment to automotive excellence.

Corporate Affairs[edit | edit source]

Renault's global operations are headquartered in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. The company is a publicly traded entity on the Euronext Paris stock exchange. It has undergone various strategic reorganizations over the years, focusing on innovation, sustainability, and global market expansion.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Renault S.A. stands as a testament to French engineering and innovation in the automotive industry. From its humble beginnings to its status as a global automotive powerhouse, Renault has continually evolved, embracing new technologies and trends to meet the changing demands of consumers and the industry.