Sperm duct

Sperm Duct

The sperm duct, also known as the vas deferens, is a vital component of the male reproductive system. It is a thin, muscular tube that transports sperm from the epididymis, where sperm is stored after production in the testes, to the urethra for ejaculation.

Anatomy

The sperm duct is approximately 30 to 45 centimeters long in humans. It begins at the lower part of the epididymis and extends to the ejaculatory duct. The sperm duct is surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle that contracts during ejaculation to propel the sperm forward.

Function

The primary function of the sperm duct is to transport mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation. The sperm travels through the sperm duct in a fluid known as semen, which is produced by the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands. The sperm duct also plays a role in the storage of sperm, as it can hold sperm for several months.

Clinical Significance

Several medical conditions can affect the sperm duct, including vasectomy, a surgical procedure for male sterilization or permanent contraception. In this procedure, the vas deferens are cut or sealed to prevent sperm from reaching the urethra. Other conditions include vas deferens obstruction, which can lead to male infertility, and congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD), a genetic condition often associated with cystic fibrosis.

See Also

• Male reproductive system
• Sperm
• Vasectomy
• Infertility

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