Targeted reinnervation

Targeted reinnervation is a surgical procedure that aims to improve the control of prosthetic devices by amputees. This technique was developed by Dr. Todd Kuiken and his team at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago (RIC).

Overview

Targeted reinnervation involves the transfer of residual nerves, which previously controlled the muscles of the amputated limb, to new muscle sites. These nerves grow into the transferred muscles and provide a means for the amputee to control their prosthetic device. The procedure is most commonly performed on upper limb amputees, but can also be used for lower limb amputees.

Procedure

The procedure begins with the identification of the residual nerves in the amputated limb. These nerves are then surgically transferred to nearby muscles that are no longer biomechanically functional due to the amputation. Over time, the transferred nerves grow into the new muscle, providing a new means of controlling the prosthetic device.

Benefits

Targeted reinnervation has several benefits. It provides amputees with improved control of their prosthetic devices, which can lead to increased functionality and independence. Additionally, it can potentially reduce the occurrence of phantom limb pain, a common issue among amputees.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, targeted reinnervation carries some risks. These can include infection, nerve damage, and the potential for the procedure to be unsuccessful. However, the benefits often outweigh the risks for many amputees.

Future Developments

Research is ongoing to further improve the targeted reinnervation procedure and the prosthetic devices used in conjunction with it. This includes the development of more sophisticated prosthetic devices that can provide sensory feedback, further improving the functionality and realism of the prosthetic limb.

File:Targeted reinnervation.jpg

A patient undergoing targeted reinnervation surgery

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