White-coat hypertension

White-coat hypertension is a phenomenon in which patients exhibit a blood pressure level above the normal range, in a clinical setting, though they don't exhibit the same high blood pressure levels in other settings. It is named after the white coats traditionally worn by medical professionals. The patient's non-clinical blood pressure levels can be measured using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, home blood pressure monitoring or other non-invasive methods.

Causes

The exact cause of white-coat hypertension is not known. However, it is believed to be due to anxiety experienced during a medical examination. The phenomenon can occur in anyone but is more common in certain groups such as the elderly, pregnant women, and patients with kidney disease.

Diagnosis

White-coat hypertension is typically diagnosed when a patient has a blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg or higher at the doctor's office, but normal blood pressure readings at home or outside the clinical setting. The diagnosis can be confirmed by using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or home blood pressure monitoring.

Treatment

Treatment for white-coat hypertension may not always be necessary. However, if the condition is causing anxiety or leading to unnecessary medication, treatment may be required. This can include lifestyle changes, such as reducing stress and practicing relaxation techniques, and in some cases, medication may be prescribed.

Prognosis

While white-coat hypertension is not considered as dangerous as sustained high blood pressure, some studies suggest that people with the condition may be at a slightly increased risk of developing sustained hypertension in the future.

See also

• Hypertension
• Blood pressure
• Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring