3α-Hydroxytibolone

3α-Hydroxytibolone.svg

3α-Hydroxytibolone is a synthetic steroid and a major active metabolite of tibolone, a drug used in hormone replacement therapy for menopause. It is one of the three primary metabolites of tibolone, the others being 3β-hydroxytibolone and Δ4-tibolone.

Pharmacology

3α-Hydroxytibolone exhibits estrogenic, progestogenic, and androgenic activities. It is primarily responsible for the estrogenic effects of tibolone, which include the alleviation of menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal atrophy. The compound also contributes to the progestogenic and androgenic effects of tibolone, which help in maintaining bone density and libido.

Mechanism of Action

3α-Hydroxytibolone acts by binding to estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and androgen receptors. Its activity at these receptors helps in mimicking the effects of natural hormones in the body, thereby providing relief from menopausal symptoms and preventing osteoporosis.

Metabolism

Tibolone is metabolized in the body to form 3α-Hydroxytibolone, 3β-Hydroxytibolone, and Δ4-tibolone. The metabolism occurs primarily in the liver, and the metabolites are then distributed throughout the body to exert their effects.

Clinical Use

3α-Hydroxytibolone, as a metabolite of tibolone, is used in the treatment of menopausal symptoms and the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is particularly beneficial for women who cannot take estrogen alone due to the risk of endometrial hyperplasia.

Side Effects

The side effects of 3α-Hydroxytibolone are similar to those of tibolone and may include breast tenderness, vaginal bleeding, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Long-term use may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.

See Also

• Tibolone
• Hormone replacement therapy
• Menopause
• Estrogen
• Progesterone
• Androgen

References

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