Donor conceived person

Donor conception refers to the process by which a person becomes a parent to a child conceived through the use of gametes (sperm or eggs) donated by a third party. This method is an option for individuals and couples who are unable to conceive a child naturally due to various reasons such as infertility, genetic concerns, or the absence of a partner of the opposite sex. The child born through this process is known as a donor-conceived person.

Overview

Donor conception can involve the use of sperm donation, egg donation, or, in some cases, the donation of embryos (known as embryo donation). The process may be facilitated through fertility clinics or agencies that specialize in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Donor anonymity and the rights of donor-conceived individuals to know their biological origins are subjects of ongoing ethical, legal, and social debate.

Types of Donor Conception

• Sperm Donation: Involves the use of donated sperm to fertilize an egg. This can be done through intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF).
• Egg Donation: Involves the use of donated eggs which are fertilized with sperm in a laboratory setting. The resulting embryos are then transferred to the recipient's uterus.
• Embryo Donation: Involves the donation of embryos left over from another couple's IVF treatment. These embryos are transferred to the uterus of the recipient.

Ethical and Legal Considerations

The practice of donor conception raises several ethical and legal issues, including the rights of donor-conceived individuals to know their genetic origins, the anonymity of donors, and the regulation of fertility clinics and donor agencies. Different countries have different laws regarding these issues, with some allowing donor anonymity and others mandating the disclosure of donor identities to offspring once they reach a certain age.

Psychological and Social Aspects

Donor-conceived individuals may face unique psychological and social challenges, including questions about their identity, the nature of their conception, and their relationship with their non-biological parent(s). Families may also navigate complex conversations about how and when to disclose donor conception to the child.

Support and Resources

Various support groups and resources are available for donor-conceived individuals and their families. These resources offer guidance on navigating the emotional, social, and legal aspects of donor conception.

See Also

• Assisted reproductive technology
• Genetic counseling
• Adoption

Resources

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Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on Donor conceived person for any updates.

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