Enclyclopedia
An Encyclopedia (also spelled encyclopaedia) is a comprehensive reference work that provides organized and authoritative information on a wide range of subjects or on a particular subject. Encyclopedias are essential tools for researchers, students, and the general public, aiming to encapsulate knowledge in an accessible format.
History[edit | edit source]
The concept of collecting knowledge into a broad-reaching compendium dates back centuries. One of the earliest known examples is the Histories of Herodotus. Later, in the Middle Ages, scholars compiled vast works, such as the Summa Theologica of Thomas Aquinas, that served as foundational texts for various fields of study.
The modern encyclopedia began to take shape in the 18th century with publications like Encyclopédie, edited by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert. This work sought not just to inform but to promote critical thinking and societal reform.
Formats[edit | edit source]
- Print: Traditional encyclopedias were exclusively in print format, consisting of multiple volumes.
- Digital: With the advent of the digital age, encyclopedias transitioned online, such as Encyclopedia Britannica's online version.
- CD-ROM: In the late 20th century, encyclopedias like Encarta were available on CD-ROM.
- Online Platforms: Wikipedia, a user-edited online encyclopedia, has become one of the most popular sources of information on the internet.
Features[edit | edit source]
- Entries or Articles: Individual subjects or topics covered in an encyclopedia.
- Alphabetical Organization: Most encyclopedias organize entries alphabetically for ease of navigation.
- Citations: Reliable encyclopedias cite their sources, allowing readers to verify the information.
- Indexes and Appendices: Additional tools to help users locate information.
Notable Encyclopedias[edit | edit source]
- Encyclopédie – A significant Enlightenment-era work that encompassed knowledge of the arts and sciences.
- Encyclopedia Britannica – Perhaps the most well-known English-language encyclopedia.
- Wikipedia – A free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit, available in numerous languages.
- Encarta – A digital multimedia encyclopedia produced by Microsoft in the 1990s and 2000s.
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Importance and Criticism[edit | edit source]
Encyclopedias play a pivotal role in disseminating knowledge to the public. However, they can be criticized for potential inaccuracies, especially in user-edited formats like Wikipedia. Thus, while they are a starting point for research, deeper investigation often requires more specialized sources.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD