Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State
The Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS), also known as Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS), is a serious complication that can occur in individuals with diabetes. It is characterized by extremely high blood sugar levels, extreme dehydration, and a decreased level of consciousness.
Overview[edit | edit source]
HHS is most commonly seen in individuals with Type 2 diabetes, but it can occur in those with Type 1 diabetes as well. It is often triggered by an illness or infection, and can lead to severe dehydration, coma, and even death if not treated promptly.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of HHS can develop over a few days or weeks, and may include:
- Extreme thirst
- Frequent urination
- Dry skin and mouth
- Rapid heartbeat
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Shortness of breath
- Confusion or difficulty concentrating
Causes[edit | edit source]
HHS is caused by extremely high blood sugar levels, often in combination with dehydration. This can be triggered by a variety of factors, including:
- Illness or infection
- Inadequate insulin therapy
- Certain medications
- Undiagnosed or poorly controlled diabetes
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for HHS typically involves hospitalization and may include:
- Intravenous fluids to treat dehydration
- Insulin therapy to lower blood sugar levels
- Treatment of any underlying illness or infection
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Prevention of HHS involves careful management of diabetes, including regular monitoring of blood sugar levels, proper medication use, and regular medical check-ups.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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