Lateral sacral artery

Internal iliac branches

Lateral sacral artery

The lateral sacral artery is a vital blood vessel in the human body that supplies blood to the sacrum and the surrounding structures. It is a branch of the internal iliac artery, which is a major artery in the pelvis.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The lateral sacral artery typically arises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. It usually divides into two branches: the superior and inferior lateral sacral arteries. These branches run along the anterior surface of the sacrum, providing blood supply to the sacral vertebrae, the sacral canal, and the overlying muscles and skin.

Superior Lateral Sacral Artery[edit | edit source]

The superior lateral sacral artery travels medially and inferiorly, supplying the upper part of the sacrum and the adjacent muscles. It also gives off branches that enter the anterior sacral foramina to supply the contents of the sacral canal.

Inferior Lateral Sacral Artery[edit | edit source]

The inferior lateral sacral artery descends along the sacrum, supplying the lower part of the sacrum and the coccyx. It also provides branches to the surrounding muscles and skin.

Function[edit | edit source]

The primary function of the lateral sacral artery is to supply oxygenated blood to the sacrum, the sacral canal, and the surrounding muscles and skin. This blood supply is crucial for the health and function of these structures.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Injuries or surgical procedures involving the pelvis may affect the lateral sacral artery. Damage to this artery can lead to significant bleeding due to its location and the structures it supplies. Understanding the anatomy of the lateral sacral artery is important for surgeons performing procedures in the pelvic region.