Mosaic (genetics)
Mosaic (genetics)
Mosaic (genetics) refers to the presence of two or more populations of cells with different genotypes in one individual, who has developed from a single fertilized egg. Mosaicism has been reported in many different tissues but is particularly prevalent in the skin, blood, and nervous system.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Mosaicism can result from a mutation during development which is propagated to only a subset of the adult cells. Some common causes include mutations in individual cells, a phenomenon known as somatic mutation, and errors in mitosis.
Types of Mosaicism[edit | edit source]
There are several types of mosaicism, including:
- Gonadal mosaicism: This occurs when some of the cells in the reproductive cells have a different genetic makeup from the rest of the body. This can result in a child inheriting a genetic condition that neither parent has.
- Somatic mosaicism: This occurs when the mutation happens after fertilization during the early stages of embryonic development. Some cells have the mutation, and some do not.
- Tissue-specific mosaicism: This occurs when the mutation is only in certain types of cells or tissues in the body.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of mosaicism can be challenging due to the random distribution of affected cells in different tissues. It often involves genetic testing, including DNA sequencing and karyotyping.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for mosaicism depends on the specific genetic changes and their effects on the body. It often involves managing the symptoms and complications of the condition.
See also[edit | edit source]
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Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD