Velagliflozin

Velagliflozin is a pharmaceutical drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the class of medications known as SGLT2 inhibitors, which work by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to a reduction in blood glucose levels.

Mechanism of Action

Velagliflozin functions by blocking the SGLT2 protein in the proximal tubules of the kidney. This inhibition prevents the reabsorption of glucose back into the bloodstream, resulting in increased glucose excretion through the urine. By reducing the renal threshold for glucose, velagliflozin helps to lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Clinical Use

Velagliflozin is primarily indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It is often prescribed when diet and exercise alone do not provide adequate glycemic control. Velagliflozin can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin.

Side Effects

Common side effects of velagliflozin include:

• Urinary tract infections
• Genital mycotic infections
• Increased urination
• Hypotension

Serious but less common side effects may include:

• Ketoacidosis
• Acute kidney injury
• Hypoglycemia (when used with insulin or sulfonylureas)

Contraindications

Velagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with:

• Severe renal impairment
• End-stage renal disease
• Hypersensitivity to the drug or its components

Pharmacokinetics

Velagliflozin is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and reaches peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours after oral administration. It is metabolized primarily in the liver and excreted through both urine and feces.

Research and Development

Velagliflozin is currently undergoing various clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety in different populations and in combination with other antidiabetic medications. Ongoing research aims to better understand its long-term effects and potential benefits in managing type 2 diabetes.

See Also

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• SGLT2 inhibitors
• Metformin
• Insulin
• Sulfonylureas

External Links

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