Arboviruses

Arboviruses are a group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The word "arbovirus" is an acronym (ARthropod-BOrne virus). Arboviruses can affect both humans and animals and are a significant cause of illness worldwide.

Classification

Arboviruses belong to several virus families, including Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Reoviridae. Each family contains several different species of arboviruses.

Transmission

Arboviruses are primarily transmitted through the bites of infected arthropods, such as mosquitoes and ticks. The virus replicates in the arthropod and is then transmitted to a vertebrate host when the arthropod feeds on the host's blood.

Diseases

Arboviruses are responsible for a number of serious diseases in humans, including yellow fever, dengue fever, Zika virus, and West Nile virus. Symptoms of arbovirus diseases can range from mild fever and body aches to severe neurological symptoms and death.

Prevention and Control

Prevention and control of arboviruses primarily involves controlling the arthropod vectors and limiting exposure to these vectors. This can include the use of insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and removing standing water where mosquitoes can breed.

Research

Research into arboviruses is ongoing, with scientists working to understand the biology of these viruses, develop effective treatments, and create vaccines to prevent infection.

See Also

• Virus classification
• Vector (epidemiology)
• Zoonosis