Contingency table
Contingency table
A Contingency table also known as a cross tabulation or crosstab, is a type of table in a matrix format that displays the (multivariate) frequency distribution of the variables. They are heavily used in survey research, business intelligence, engineering, and scientific research. They provide a basic picture of the interrelation between two variables and can help find interactions between them.
Overview[edit | edit source]
The term Contingency table was first used by Karl Pearson. It is a way of representing and analyzing two and more variables simultaneously. The results are represented in a matrix format, making it easy to visualize the data.
Usage[edit | edit source]
Contingency tables are used in statistics to summarize data between two variables in a format that can be easily understood. They are used in a variety of fields, including machine learning, business analytics, and social sciences.
Construction[edit | edit source]
A Contingency table is constructed by listing the categories of one variable down the page, and the categories of the other variable across the page. The cell at the intersection of a row and column shows the count of the number of times a particular combination of variable outcomes occurred.
Interpretation[edit | edit source]
The interpretation of a Contingency table depends on the study and the data. However, in general, the larger the number in a cell of a contingency table, the more the variables are likely to be related.
See also[edit | edit source]
- Chi-squared test
- Pearson's chi-squared test
- Fisher's exact test
- Log-linear analysis
- Odds ratio
- Relative risk
References[edit | edit source]
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