Decreased bone density

Decreased Bone Density

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia, is a condition characterized by a lower than normal bone density. This condition can lead to osteoporosis, a disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to break.

Causes

Decreased bone density can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Aging: As people age, their bones naturally lose density.
• Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes, particularly in women after menopause, can lead to decreased bone density.
• Lack of physical activity: Regular physical activity, particularly weight-bearing exercises, can help maintain bone density.
• Poor nutrition: A diet low in calcium and vitamin D can contribute to decreased bone density.
• Certain medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can lead to decreased bone density.

Symptoms

Decreased bone density often has no symptoms until a bone breaks. However, some people may experience back pain, loss of height, or a stooped posture.

Diagnosis

Decreased bone density is typically diagnosed through a bone density test, also known as a DEXA scan. This test uses X-rays to measure the amount of calcium and other minerals in a segment of bone.

Treatment

Treatment for decreased bone density may include:

• Medications: Several types of medications can help slow bone loss and increase bone density.
• Diet and exercise: A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, along with regular weight-bearing exercise, can help maintain bone density.
• Hormone therapy: In some cases, hormone therapy may be recommended to help maintain bone density.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for decreased bone density include:

• Regular weight-bearing exercise
• A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
• Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol
• Regular bone density tests for those at risk

See also

• Osteoporosis
• Bone density
• DEXA scan

Decreased bone density Resources
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