Enzyme induction

Enzyme Induction is a process in which a molecule (e.g., a drug) induces (i.e., initiates or enhances) the expression of an enzyme.

Overview

Enzyme induction is a process where a molecule (e.g., a drug) induces (i.e., initiates or enhances) the expression of an enzyme. The process of enzyme induction involves a series of steps that lead to an increase in the production of a specific enzyme in the body. This can have significant implications for the metabolism of certain drugs and other substances in the body.

Mechanism

The process of enzyme induction involves the interaction of a molecule with a specific receptor in the cell. This interaction leads to a series of events that result in the increased production of a specific enzyme. The process can be influenced by a variety of factors, including the concentration of the inducing molecule, the presence of other molecules, and the physiological state of the cell.

Clinical Significance

Enzyme induction can have significant clinical implications. For example, it can affect the metabolism of drugs, potentially leading to changes in their efficacy and toxicity. This is particularly important in the context of drug-drug interactions, where the induction of an enzyme by one drug can affect the metabolism of another drug.

Examples

Some examples of substances that can induce enzymes include:

• Rifampicin: This antibiotic is known to induce the enzyme cytochrome P450, which plays a key role in drug metabolism.
• Phenobarbital: This drug can induce the enzyme glutathione S-transferase, which is involved in the detoxification of a wide range of substances.
• Tobacco smoke: The components of tobacco smoke can induce a variety of enzymes, including those involved in the metabolism of carcinogens.

See Also

• Enzyme inhibition
• Drug metabolism
• Cytochrome P450
• Pharmacokinetics

References

Enzyme induction Resources
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