Hacek

HACEK is an acronym that refers to a group of fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that are normally part of the human microbiota of the oropharynx. The group includes the species: Haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter species, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella species.

Overview

The HACEK organisms are a group of bacteria that are an uncommon cause of infective endocarditis, a serious infection of the heart. These bacteria are part of the normal flora of the mouth and throat. However, they can cause disease in some circumstances.

Bacteria in the HACEK group

The HACEK group includes the following bacteria:

• Haemophilus species - These bacteria can cause a variety of infections, including pneumonia and meningitis. They are also a common cause of ear and sinus infections in children.

• Aggregatibacter species - These bacteria can cause a variety of infections, including periodontitis and endocarditis.

• Cardiobacterium hominis - This bacterium is a rare cause of endocarditis, an infection of the heart valves.

• Eikenella corrodens - This bacterium can cause infections of the mouth, throat, and respiratory tract. It can also cause endocarditis.

• Kingella species - These bacteria can cause a variety of infections, including endocarditis and bone and joint infections.

Infections caused by HACEK organisms

HACEK organisms can cause a variety of infections, but they are most commonly associated with endocarditis. Endocarditis is a serious infection of the heart that can lead to heart failure and other complications. HACEK organisms are responsible for about 3% of all cases of endocarditis.

Treatment

Treatment for infections caused by HACEK organisms typically involves antibiotics. The specific antibiotic used will depend on the specific organism causing the infection and the patient's overall health.

See also

• Infective endocarditis
• Bacterial endocarditis
• Gram-negative bacteria

Hacek Resources
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