Hypertensive urgency

Hypertensive Urgency is a clinical condition characterized by a significant and rapid increase in blood pressure that is not associated with any immediate or progressive target organ damage.

Definition[edit | edit source]

Hypertensive urgency is defined as a severe elevation in blood pressure (BP) exceeding 180/120 mm Hg without evidence of impending or progressive target organ damage. This condition is distinguished from hypertensive emergency, which is a similar severe elevation in BP but with signs of target organ damage.

Causes[edit | edit source]

The causes of hypertensive urgency are not well understood. It is thought to be related to a sudden increase in blood pressure due to stress, anxiety, or other factors. Some common causes include:

Noncompliance with antihypertensive therapy
Excessive salt intake
Use of illicit drugs, such as cocaine or amphetamines
Use of over-the-counter cold and pain medications
Alcohol withdrawal
Certain endocrine disorders

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Patients with hypertensive urgency may not have any symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they can include:

Severe headache
Shortness of breath
Nosebleeds
Severe anxiety

Treatment[edit | edit source]

The goal of treatment in hypertensive urgency is to gradually lower blood pressure over a period of 24 to 48 hours. This is typically achieved with oral antihypertensive medications. Rapid reduction of blood pressure is avoided to prevent the risk of hypotension and acute end-organ damage.

References[edit | edit source]

Hypertensive urgency Resources
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