Hypogammaglobulinemia
Hypogammaglobulinemia is a medical condition characterized by a deficiency of gamma globulins, including immunoglobulins, in the blood. This can lead to an increased susceptibility to infection.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Hypogammaglobulinemia can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Primary immunodeficiency diseases such as Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA)
- Secondary immunodeficiency due to conditions such as protein-losing enteropathy, nephrotic syndrome, and burns
- Certain medications, including corticosteroids, chemotherapy drugs, and immunosuppressants
- Malnutrition
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The main symptom of hypogammaglobulinemia is an increased susceptibility to infections, particularly bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. Other symptoms can include:
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia typically involves blood tests to measure the levels of immunoglobulins. Other tests may include:
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Urinalysis
- Imaging studies such as chest X-ray or CT scan to identify any infections
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for hypogammaglobulinemia typically involves treating any underlying conditions and preventing infections. This may include:
- Immunoglobulin replacement therapy
- Antibiotics to treat or prevent infections
- Vaccinations to prevent infections
See also[edit | edit source]
Hypogammaglobulinemia Resources | ||
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD