IVIG

IVIG or Intravenous Immunoglobulin is a blood product administered intravenously. It contains the pooled, polyvalent, IgG (immunoglobulin (antibody) G) extracted from the plasma of over a thousand blood donors. IVIG's effects last between 2 weeks and 3 months. It is primarily used as treatment in three major categories: immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, and acute infections.

Uses

IVIG is used in the treatment of various diseases including:

• Immune deficiencies such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia, hypogammaglobulinemia (primary immune deficiencies), and to boost the immune system in HIV/AIDS.
• Autoimmune diseases, such as Guillain–Barré syndrome, Kawasaki disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and dermatomyositis.
• Acute infections, such as measles, rubella, hepatitis, and polio.

Side Effects

Side effects from IVIG infusions can include:

• Headache
• Fever
• Chills
• Flushing
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Malaise
• Muscle pain
• Back pain

Mechanism of Action

The exact mechanism of action of IVIG is unclear. However, it is believed to work by blocking the Fc receptors on macrophages, inhibiting complement deposition, and by saturating the Fc receptors on reticuloendothelial cells.

See Also

• Immunoglobulin therapy
• Plasma product
• Blood product

References

IVIG Resources
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