Lachman test
Lachman test is a clinical examination used to diagnose injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). It is recognized as reliable, sensitive, and usually superior to the anterior drawer test.
Procedure[edit | edit source]
The Lachman test is performed with the patient lying down and the knee bent at a 20-30 degree angle. The examiner stabilizes the thigh with one hand, while the other hand pulls the tibia forward. An increased forward movement compared to the opposite knee or a soft end feel may indicate a torn ACL.
Interpretation[edit | edit source]
The results of the Lachman test are interpreted as follows:
- Grade 1: 5 mm or less of translation and a firm end point
- Grade 2: 5-10 mm of translation and a soft or absent end point
- Grade 3: More than 10 mm of translation and no end point
History[edit | edit source]
The Lachman test was described by John Lachman in 1976 as a modification of the anterior drawer test. It has since become the most reliable clinical test for assessing the integrity of the ACL.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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