Long term depression

Long-term depression (often abbreviated as LTD) is a process that results in the decrease of synaptic strength, which is the opposite of long-term potentiation (LTP). LTD and LTP are both forms of synaptic plasticity, which is the ability of synapses to change their strength.

Mechanism

The mechanism of LTD varies among different types of cells and synapses. However, in many cases, LTD occurs when a neuron's output is less than expected, which results in a decrease in synaptic strength. This can occur through various mechanisms, such as the removal of AMPA receptors from the synapse or the decrease in the sensitivity of these receptors.

Role in Learning and Memory

LTD is thought to play a key role in learning and memory. It is believed to be responsible for the elimination of unnecessary or incorrect information. This process is crucial for the refinement of neural circuits during development and for the adaptation of these circuits in response to experience or learning.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in LTD have been implicated in a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. Understanding the mechanisms of LTD could therefore lead to new treatments for these conditions.

See Also

• Long-term potentiation
• Synaptic plasticity
• Neuroplasticity

References

Long term depression Resources
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