Mdma

MDMA (3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine), commonly known as ecstasy or molly, is a psychoactive drug primarily used for recreational purposes. The desired effects include altered sensations, increased energy, empathy, as well as pleasure. When taken by mouth, effects begin in 30 to 45 minutes and last 3 to 6 hours.

Pharmacology

MDMA acts primarily by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in parts of the brain. It belongs to the substituted amphetamine classes of drugs and has stimulant and hallucinogenic effects.

Medical use

MDMA is currently in clinical trials as a possible treatment aid for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety in terminally ill patients, with preliminary results showing promise.

Adverse effects

Short-term adverse effects include increased heart rate and blood pressure, sweating, and pupil dilation. Long-term effects are less clear, though concerns include memory problems, depression, and ongoing heart disease.

Legal status

MDMA is illegal in most countries and, as of 2018, has no approved medical uses.

History

MDMA was first synthesized in 1912 by Merck. It was used to enhance psychotherapy beginning in the 1970s and became popular as a street drug in the 1980s.

See also

• History and culture of substituted amphetamines
• Effects of MDMA on the human body
• MDMA use and neurotoxicity
• Responsible drug use

Mdma Resources
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