Myelencephalon

Myelencephalon is the most posterior part of the brain, also known as the medulla oblongata. It is one of the three primary vesicles that arise from the neural tube. The myelencephalon contains the autonomic centers, which regulate functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.

Structure

The myelencephalon is a structure of the hindbrain that includes the medulla oblongata. It is formed during the embryonic development from the rhombencephalon. The myelencephalon is connected to the pons, which is part of the metencephalon.

Function

The myelencephalon has several functions due to its control over the autonomic centers. It regulates vital body functions such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion. It also controls reflexes like coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting.

Clinical significance

Damage to the myelencephalon can lead to a variety of medical conditions. These include locked-in syndrome, Wallenberg's syndrome, and other brainstem stroke syndromes. It can also cause respiratory arrest if the damage is severe enough.

See also

• Rhombencephalon
• Metencephalon
• Neural tube

References

Myelencephalon Resources
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