PTGS

PTGS or Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase (also known as Cyclooxygenase) is an enzyme that is involved in the production of prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds that have diverse roles in the body, including the regulation of inflammation, blood flow, and the formation of blood clots.

Function

PTGS is responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, the precursor of the series of prostaglandin and thromboxane biosynthesis. This enzyme has two isoforms: PTGS1 and PTGS2. PTGS1 is constitutively expressed and is thought to maintain physiological functions, while PTGS2 is inducible and is often associated with inflammation and mitogenesis.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of PTGS can lead to a variety of health conditions. For example, overexpression of PTGS2 has been implicated in the development of certain types of cancer, including colorectal cancer and breast cancer. In addition, inhibition of PTGS is the mechanism of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

See also

• Prostaglandin
• Arachidonic acid
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

References

PTGS Resources
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