Pyothorax

Pyothorax (also known as empyema thoracis or pleural empyema) is a type of infection that results in a buildup of pus in the pleural cavity, the space between the lungs and the inner surface of the chest wall. This condition is typically caused by bacteria, but can also be caused by fungi or parasites. Pyothorax can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.

Causes

The most common cause of pyothorax is a bacterial infection, often secondary to pneumonia. The bacteria can enter the pleural cavity through the bloodstream, or from a nearby infection in the lungs or chest wall. Other causes can include chest trauma, surgery, or the presence of a lung abscess or tumor.

Symptoms

Symptoms of pyothorax can vary depending on the severity of the infection, but often include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Other symptoms can include fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of pyothorax typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as a chest X-ray or CT scan. In some cases, a sample of the fluid in the pleural cavity may be taken for testing.

Treatment

Treatment for pyothorax usually involves antibiotics to fight the infection, and drainage of the pus from the pleural cavity. This can be done through a procedure called thoracentesis, or in more severe cases, surgery may be required.

See also

• Pleural effusion
• Pneumothorax
• Tuberculosis

Pyothorax Resources
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