Socialization
Socialization is a fundamental concept in sociology, psychology, and anthropology that describes the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society. It is a lifelong process that helps individuals to become functioning members of society.
Definition[edit | edit source]
Socialization is defined as the process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a society and learn to function as its members. This process begins in childhood and continues throughout life.
Types of Socialization[edit | edit source]
There are several types of socialization:
- Primary socialization: This is the first stage of socialization and occurs during childhood. It involves learning the basic norms and values of the society in which one lives.
- Secondary socialization: This occurs after primary socialization and involves learning about specific roles and expectations within society.
- Developmental socialization: This involves learning behaviors and attitudes appropriate to a person's age and status within society.
- Anticipatory socialization: This involves learning about and preparing for future roles and statuses.
Agents of Socialization[edit | edit source]
The main agents of socialization are:
- Family: The family is the primary agent of socialization and is responsible for teaching children the basic norms and values of society.
- School: Schools play a significant role in socialization by teaching children about societal norms and expectations.
- Peer groups: Peer groups provide an environment where individuals can learn about social norms and expectations outside of their family.
- Media: The media is a powerful agent of socialization and can influence individuals' perceptions of societal norms and values.
Theories of Socialization[edit | edit source]
Several theories explain the process of socialization:
- Symbolic interactionism: This theory suggests that socialization is a process of interaction and interpretation.
- Functionalism: This theory views socialization as a necessary process that helps maintain social order.
- Conflict theory: This theory views socialization as a way for the dominant groups in society to maintain their power.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD