Statistic
Statistic
A Statistic is a single measure of some attribute of a sample (e.g., its arithmetic mean value). It is calculated by applying a function (statistical algorithm) to the values of the items of the sample, which are known together as a set of data. More formally, statistical theory defines a statistic as a function of a sample where the function itself is independent of the sample’s distribution.
Definition[edit | edit source]
In applied statistics, a statistic is any quantity computed from values in a sample that is part of a collection of statistics. A statistic is a random variable that is a function of the random sample, but not a function of unknown parameters. The probability distribution of the statistic, though, may depend on the unknown parameters.
Types of statistics[edit | edit source]
There are two types of statistics in data analysis:
- Descriptive statistics: This type of statistics involves methods of organizing, picturing and summarizing information from data. Descriptive statistics are merely used to describe what's going on in the data.
- Inferential statistics: Inferential statistics involves methods to generalize and make decisions or predictions about a population based on a sample of data taken from the population in question.
Statistical theory[edit | edit source]
Statistical theory comprises the body of principles underlying the collection and analysis of data. In it, the term "statistical" is used to mean "pertaining to data sets."
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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