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Subfornical Organ

The Subfornical Organ (SFO) is one of the circumventricular organs in the brain that lacks a blood-brain barrier. It is a small, oval-shaped structure located in the forebrain, specifically in the lateral ventricle's anterior wall. The SFO is involved in various physiological processes, including body fluid homeostasis, cardiovascular regulation, and energy balance.

Structure

The Subfornical Organ is a small, oval-shaped structure located in the anterior wall of the lateral ventricle. It is one of the circumventricular organs that lack a blood-brain barrier, allowing it to respond to circulating signals in the blood.

Function

The SFO plays a crucial role in several physiological processes. It is involved in the regulation of body fluid homeostasis, cardiovascular regulation, and energy balance. It can sense changes in the body's internal environment and respond accordingly, helping to maintain homeostasis.

Body Fluid Homeostasis

The SFO is involved in the regulation of body fluid homeostasis. It can sense changes in the body's hydration status and respond by triggering thirst and promoting water intake. This helps to maintain the body's fluid balance and prevent dehydration.

Cardiovascular Regulation

The SFO also plays a role in cardiovascular regulation. It can sense changes in blood pressure and respond by triggering changes in heart rate and blood vessel diameter. This helps to maintain blood pressure within a healthy range.

Energy Balance

The SFO is involved in the regulation of energy balance. It can sense changes in the body's energy status and respond by triggering changes in food intake and energy expenditure. This helps to maintain the body's energy balance and prevent weight gain or loss.

Clinical Significance

Due to its role in various physiological processes, the SFO is a potential target for the treatment of various conditions, including hypertension, heart failure, and obesity.

See Also

• Circumventricular organs
• Blood-brain barrier
• Lateral ventricle
• Forebrain

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