Systemic sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma, is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by hardening (sclero) of the skin (derma) that can also affect other organs. The cause is unknown and there is no cure, but treatments can improve symptoms and quality of life.

Signs and symptoms

The symptoms of systemic sclerosis can vary greatly from person to person, and the course of the disease is often unpredictable. Symptoms can include:

• Raynaud's phenomenon: This is often the first symptom, and involves color changes in the hands and feet in response to cold or stress.
• Skin changes: The skin can become puffy, thickened, and hard. Changes can also include sores, ulcers, and changes in skin color.
• Digestive problems: These can include difficulty swallowing, heartburn, and problems with the absorption of nutrients due to damage to the intestines.
• Lung problems: These can include shortness of breath and coughing, and can be serious.
• Heart problems: These can include irregular heart rhythms and heart failure.
• Kidney problems: These can include high blood pressure and kidney failure.

Causes

The exact cause of systemic sclerosis is unknown, but it is believed to involve an overproduction of collagen. The disease is more common in women than men, and often occurs between the ages of 30 and 50.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on the person's medical history, physical examination, and may be supported by laboratory tests. The American College of Rheumatology has developed classification criteria for systemic sclerosis.

Treatment

There is no cure for systemic sclerosis, but treatments can help manage symptoms. These can include medications to improve circulation, suppress the immune system, and treat organ-specific complications. Physical and occupational therapy can also be helpful.

Prognosis

The prognosis for people with systemic sclerosis varies. Some people have mild symptoms and others have severe disease that rapidly progresses. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

See also

• List of autoimmune diseases
• Rheumatology

References

Systemic sclerosis Resources
Need Help Finding a Doctor? Need help finding a doctor or specialist anywhere in the world? Explore our world directory. WikiMD's DocFinder can assist you in locating millions of physicians.	Medical Knowledge Access the latest research - Most recent articles Ongoing trials.

Translate to: East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski