Transamination

Transamination is a chemical reaction that transfers an amino group to a ketoacid to form new amino acids. This pathway is responsible for the deamination of most amino acids. This is one of the major degradation pathways which convert essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (amino acids that can be synthesized by the body).

Process

Transamination in biochemistry is accomplished by enzymes called transaminases or aminotransferases. Alpha-ketoglutarate acts as the predominant amino-group acceptor and produces glutamate as the new amino acid.

Function

Transamination is significant in the synthesis of amino acids, which form the building blocks of proteins. It is also crucial in the urea cycle, which detoxifies ammonia in the liver.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in transaminase activity are associated with various diseases such as liver disease and Reye's syndrome. They are also involved in the symptoms of various forms of vitamin B6 deficiency.

See also

• Amino acid synthesis
• Deamination
• Urea cycle

References

Transamination Resources
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