Spiral folds of cystic duct
The spiral folds of the cystic duct, also known as the spiral valves of Heister, are anatomical structures located within the cystic duct. These folds are named after the German anatomist Lorenz Heister, who first described them.
Structure[edit]
The spiral folds are mucosal folds that line the interior of the cystic duct, which connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct. These folds are arranged in a spiral fashion, which helps to maintain the patency of the duct and regulate the flow of bile from the gallbladder into the common bile duct.
Function[edit]
The primary function of the spiral folds is to prevent the collapse of the cystic duct and to ensure a steady flow of bile. They act as a valve mechanism, allowing bile to flow in both directions between the gallbladder and the common bile duct, depending on the pressure differences.
Clinical significance[edit]
The spiral folds can sometimes be involved in gallstone formation or cholecystitis, where inflammation or obstruction can occur. Understanding the anatomy of these folds is important in cholecystectomy procedures, where the cystic duct is ligated and cut.
History[edit]
The spiral folds were first described by Lorenz Heister in the 18th century. They are sometimes referred to as the "valves of Heister" in his honor.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- Heister, L. (1732). Compendium Anatomicum.
- Standring, S. (2016). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41st Edition.
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